1.
Definisi Penerjemahan
Seperti halnya ilmu-ilmulain, di dalam bidang penerjemahan ditemukan banyak definisi.
Berbagai definisi tersebut mencerminkan pandangan ahli yang membuat definisi tentang hakikat terjemahan dan proses penerjemahan. Definisi
pertama berasal dari Catford.Iamenulis: (Translation
is) the replacement of textual material in one language by equivalent textual
material in another language (Catford, 1965:20).Mungkin Anda sedikit bertanya-tanya
karena di dalam definisi tersebut tidak ditemukan konsep tentang makna. Sementara,
secara garis besar terjemahan tidak bisa dipisahkan dari persoalan makna atau gagasan.Ungkapan
tentang hakikat penerjemahan yang menyentuh konsep makna diungkapkan oleh
Savory (1968):Translation is made possible by an equivalent of thought that
lies behind its different verbal expressions. Savory tidak lebih jauh lagi menyebut
hal-hal yang operasional atau terkait dengan proses. Proses penerjemahan disajikan
secara lebih jelas oleh Nida dan Taber (1969). Mereka menyatakan: Translating
consists of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent
of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms
of style. Dalam bukunya Translation: Applications and Research, Brislin (1976) member
batasan yang luas pada istilah penerjemahan. Bagi dia penerjemahan adalah pengalihan
buah pikiran atau gagasan dari satu bahasa kedalam bahasa lain. Kedua bahasa ini
bisa serumpun, seperti bahasa Sunda danJawa,
bisadari lain rumpun, seperti bahasa Inggris dan Indonesia, atau bahkan bahasa
yang sama tetapi dipakai pada kurun waktu yang berbeda, misalnya bahasa Jawa zaman
Majapahit dan bahasa Jawa masa sekarang. Hanya saying dalam definisi ini tidak tersirat
proses penerjamahan dan kriteria terjemahan yang baik.
In
English :
Definition of
Translation
As other
sciences, in translation we can find so many definition. Those various of translation
references to expert views which make the definition about the truth and
process of translation. First definition according to Catford :(Translation is) the replacement of textual
material in one language by equivalent textual material in another language (Catford,
1965:20).You might be curious because there isn’t concept of meaning in that definition.
Meanwhile the point of translation cannot be separate
from the problem of meaning or idea. Savory (1968) said the idea about the
truth of translation that reach the concept of meaning :Translation is made possible by an equivalent of thought that lies
behind its different verbal expressions. Savory didn't explain the
operational matters or related processes. According to Nida and Taber (1969)
the process of translation can be presented more clear. They said : In Translation: Applications and Research
book by Brislin (1976) that give broad limitation in term of translation.In her/his
mind, translation was diversion of mind or idea from one language to another
language. Both of language can from similar type like Sundanese or Javanese, it
can from different type like English and Indonesia or even the similar language
but used in a different time period, such as Javanese language in Majapahit era
and Javanese language in modern era. But in this definition doesn’t imply the good
process and criteria of translation.
